Byzantium Civilization :: essays research papers

The Byzantium Civilization started cause of overcrowding in the eight degree Celsius B.C. that led Greek city-states to send out colonies throughout the Mediterranean basin. In the year of 667 B.C. Byzas, from the Greek city of Megra, founded Byzantium Civilization at the mouth of the dark-skinned Sea. Alexander the Great dominated Byzantium as he built an imperium around it stretching from Greece to India. Byzantium was the christianized eastern part of the Roman Empire. Constantine the Great was a vital figure in the early stages of this civilization. He established acceptation for Christianity throughout the Roman Empire and legally transferred his capital from Rome to Constantinople, which is the put of the Greek City of Byzantium. Roman law and political institutions ruled the people there and they spoke Latin and Greek languages. Merchants at this city were adequate to(p) to grow rich cause of its strategic location between the Mediterranean and Black Seas. Constantine liked to import Greek-Roman art from throughout the empire.Byzantium art pore on human figures. The most prominent figures that were created were Christ, the Virgin Mary, the saints, and the apostles. The emperor butterfly was believed to be divinely sanctioned by god. Human figures were portrayed in sculptures in two different looks. One style expressed power, authority, and grandeur. The other style expresses adoration, sympathy, prayer, and distress. The Attarouthi Treasures consist of fifteen objects ten chalices, three censers, a wine strainer, and a dove. The artifacts were found buried in the vicinity of the ancient township Attarouthi. This town was a stopping point on the trade routes. The chalices were used to chip in wine during the Liturgy. Upright frontal figures trimd most of the chalices with Christ visual aspect as a beardless young man. The dove represents the Holy Christ that descended over Christ when Saint John baptized him. Crosses and bust-length figure s of Christ decorate the censers. The emperor Maurice Tiberius had a medallion that when put together with twelve halcyon coins and three other medallions that were identical formed a griddle. Griddles of this type were emaciated as belts or slashes and sometimes even necklaces. Traditionally the Roman emperor would give medallions and coins as gifts to high-ranking officials or nobles. The Processional Cross is adorn on both sides with silver-gilt medallions. On the front of the cross, Christ has his right render raised in blessing and is flanked by Mary on the leave side with John the Baptist on the right.